Fourth Generation:-(Intel’s 8088,80286,80386,80486 .., Motorola’s 68000, 68030, 68040,Apple II, CRAY I/2/X/MP etc).
Used :-
⦁ Microprocessors were introduced as CPU– Complete processors and large section of main memory could be implemented in a single chip.
⦁ Tens of thousands of transistors can be placedin a single chip (VLSI design implemented) CRT screen, laser & ink jet printers, scanners etc were developed.
⦁ Semiconductor memory chips were used as the main memory.
⦁ Secondary memory was composed of hard disks – Floppy disks & magnetic tapes were used for backup memory.
⦁ Parallelism, pipelining cache memory and virtual memory were applied in a better way LAN and WANS were developed (where desktop work stations interconnected).
⦁ Introduced C language and Unix OS.
⦁ Introduced Graphical User Interface.
⦁ Less power consumption.
⦁ High performance, lower cost and very compact.
⦁ Much increase in the speed of operation.
Fifth Generation:- (IBM notebooks, Pentium PCs-Pentium 1/2/3/4/Dual core/Quad core.. SUN work stations, Origin 2000, PARAM 10000, IBM SP/2).
Used :-
⦁ Generation number beyond IV, have been used occasionally to describe some current computer system that have a dominant organizational or application driven feature.
⦁ Computers based on artificialintelligence are available.
⦁ Computers use extensive parallel processing, multiple pipelines, multiple processors etc.
⦁ Massive parallel machines and extensively distributed system connected by communication networks fall in this category.
⦁ Introduced ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) technology – Intel’s Pentium 4 microprocessor contains 55 million transistors millions of components on a single IC chip.
⦁ Superscalar processors, Vectorprocessors, SIMD processors, 32 bit micro controllers and embedded processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSP) etc have been developed.
⦁ Memory chips up to 1 GB, hard disk drives up to 180 GB and optical disks up to 27 GB are available (still the capacity is increasing).
⦁ Object oriented language like JAVA suitable for internet programming has been developed.
⦁ Portable note book computers introduced.
⦁ Storage technology advanced – large main memory and disk storage available Introduced World Wide Web. (and other existing applications like e-mail, e Commerce, Virtual libraries/Classrooms, multimedia applications etc.).
⦁ New operating systems developed – Windows 95/98/XP/…, LINUX, etc.
⦁ Got hot pluggable features – which enable a failed component to be replaced with a new one without the need to shutdown the system, allowing the uptime of the system to be very high.
⦁ The recent development in the application of internet is the Grid technology which is still in its upcoming stage.
⦁ Quantum mechanism and nanotechnology will radically change the phase of computers.
Used :-
⦁ Microprocessors were introduced as CPU– Complete processors and large section of main memory could be implemented in a single chip.
⦁ Tens of thousands of transistors can be placedin a single chip (VLSI design implemented) CRT screen, laser & ink jet printers, scanners etc were developed.
⦁ Semiconductor memory chips were used as the main memory.
⦁ Secondary memory was composed of hard disks – Floppy disks & magnetic tapes were used for backup memory.
⦁ Parallelism, pipelining cache memory and virtual memory were applied in a better way LAN and WANS were developed (where desktop work stations interconnected).
⦁ Introduced C language and Unix OS.
⦁ Introduced Graphical User Interface.
⦁ Less power consumption.
⦁ High performance, lower cost and very compact.
⦁ Much increase in the speed of operation.
Fifth Generation:- (IBM notebooks, Pentium PCs-Pentium 1/2/3/4/Dual core/Quad core.. SUN work stations, Origin 2000, PARAM 10000, IBM SP/2).
Used :-
⦁ Generation number beyond IV, have been used occasionally to describe some current computer system that have a dominant organizational or application driven feature.
⦁ Computers based on artificialintelligence are available.
⦁ Computers use extensive parallel processing, multiple pipelines, multiple processors etc.
⦁ Massive parallel machines and extensively distributed system connected by communication networks fall in this category.
⦁ Introduced ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) technology – Intel’s Pentium 4 microprocessor contains 55 million transistors millions of components on a single IC chip.
⦁ Superscalar processors, Vectorprocessors, SIMD processors, 32 bit micro controllers and embedded processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSP) etc have been developed.
⦁ Memory chips up to 1 GB, hard disk drives up to 180 GB and optical disks up to 27 GB are available (still the capacity is increasing).
⦁ Object oriented language like JAVA suitable for internet programming has been developed.
⦁ Portable note book computers introduced.
⦁ Storage technology advanced – large main memory and disk storage available Introduced World Wide Web. (and other existing applications like e-mail, e Commerce, Virtual libraries/Classrooms, multimedia applications etc.).
⦁ New operating systems developed – Windows 95/98/XP/…, LINUX, etc.
⦁ Got hot pluggable features – which enable a failed component to be replaced with a new one without the need to shutdown the system, allowing the uptime of the system to be very high.
⦁ The recent development in the application of internet is the Grid technology which is still in its upcoming stage.
⦁ Quantum mechanism and nanotechnology will radically change the phase of computers.
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